32 cities
| City | Rank | 2025 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sedan | 1 | 1,314 | 1,336 | -0.61% | 27 | 49 | Township |
| Sedan | 2 | 1,314 | 1,337 | -0.61% | 27 | 49 | Township |
| Sedan | 3 | 981 | 998 | -0.41% | 1,193 | 1 | City |
| Sedan | 4 | 981 | 999 | -0.41% | 1,193 | 1 | City |
| Jefferson | 5 | 584 | 595 | -0.51% | 11 | 55 | Township |
| Jefferson | 6 | 584 | 596 | -0.51% | 11 | 55 | Township |
| Cedar Vale | 7 | 472 | 479 | -0.42% | 626 | 1 | City |
| Cedar Vale | 8 | 472 | 480 | -0.42% | 626 | 1 | City |
| Little Caney | 9 | 325 | 333 | -0.61% | 7 | 45 | Township |
| Little Caney | 10 | 325 | 333 | -0.61% | 7 | 45 | Township |
| Chautauqua | 11 | 109 | 111 | -0.91% | 257 | 0 | City |
| Chautauqua | 12 | 109 | 111 | -0.91% | 257 | 0 | City |
| Salt Creek | 13 | 104 | 108 | -0.95% | 2 | 49 | Township |
| Salt Creek | 14 | 104 | 108 | -0.95% | 2 | 49 | Township |
| Hendricks | 15 | 102 | 104 | -0.97% | 2 | 55 | Township |
| Hendricks | 16 | 102 | 104 | -0.97% | 2 | 55 | Township |
| Peru | 17 | 100 | 102 | -0.99% | 309 | 0 | City |
| Peru | 18 | 100 | 102 | -0.99% | 309 | 0 | City |
| Niotaze | 19 | 88 | 90 | -1.12% | 238 | 0 | City |
| Niotaze | 20 | 88 | 90 | -1.12% | 238 | 0 | City |
| Caneyville | 21 | 80 | 82 | -1.23% | 1 | 55 | Township |
| Caneyville | 22 | 80 | 82 | -1.23% | 1 | 55 | Township |
| Summit | 23 | 67 | 69 | -1.47% | 1 | 56 | Township |
| Summit | 24 | 67 | 69 | -1.47% | 1 | 56 | Township |
| Center | 25 | 64 | 66 | -1.54% | 1 | 55 | Township |
| Center | 26 | 64 | 66 | -1.54% | 1 | 55 | Township |
| Harrison | 27 | 55 | 57 | -1.79% | 1 | 55 | Township |
| Harrison | 28 | 55 | 57 | -1.79% | 1 | 55 | Township |
| Elgin | 29 | 55 | 57 | -1.79% | 282 | 0 | City |
| Elgin | 30 | 55 | 57 | -1.79% | 282 | 0 | City |
| Lafayette | 31 | 41 | 40 | 0% | 1 | 59 | Township |
| Lafayette | 32 | 41 | 40 | 0% | 1 | 59 | Township |
Sedan is the largest city in Chautauqua County, with a population of 1,314.
Lafayette is the smallest city in Chautauqua County, with a population of 41.
There are 32 cities in Chautauqua County, Kansas.