22 cities
| City | Rank | 2025 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lamar | 1 | 4,326 | 4,265 | 0.28% | 830 | 5 | City |
| City | 2 | 4,326 | 4,265 | 0.28% | 830 | 5 | Township |
| Lamar | 3 | 1,433 | 1,409 | 0.35% | 23 | 63 | Township |
| Golden City | 4 | 998 | 986 | 0.3% | 25 | 40 | Township |
| Golden City | 5 | 659 | 654 | 0.15% | 637 | 1 | City |
| Liberal | 6 | 641 | 630 | 0.31% | 759 | 1 | City |
| South West | 7 | 571 | 558 | 0.53% | 11 | 51 | Township |
| Central | 8 | 537 | 533 | 0% | 10 | 54 | Township |
| Nashville | 9 | 392 | 388 | 0.26% | 8 | 48 | Township |
| Newport | 10 | 368 | 368 | -0.27% | 12 | 30 | Township |
| Mindenmines | 11 | 273 | 270 | 0.37% | 75 | 4 | City |
| Northfork | 12 | 264 | 260 | 0.38% | 8 | 33 | Township |
| Barton City | 13 | 261 | 257 | 0.38% | 7 | 37 | Township |
| Doylesport | 14 | 259 | 246 | 1.57% | 7 | 36 | Township |
| Milford | 15 | 253 | 249 | 0.4% | 8 | 30 | Township |
| Leroy | 16 | 236 | 232 | 0.43% | 6 | 40 | Township |
| Asbury | 17 | 191 | 191 | 0% | 523 | 0 | City |
| Lamar Heights | 18 | 174 | 171 | 0.58% | 222 | 1 | City |
| Iantha | 19 | 95 | 44 | 6.74% | 352 | 0 | CDP |
| Burgess | 20 | 52 | 33 | 6.12% | 464 | 0 | CDP |
| Irwin | 21 | 51 | 22 | 6.25% | 172 | 0 | CDP |
| Milford | 22 | 27 | 27 | 0% | 643 | 0 | Village |
Lamar is the largest city in Barton County, with a population of 4,326.
Milford is the smallest city in Barton County, with a population of 27.
There are 22 cities in Barton County, Missouri.