10 cities
| City | Rank | 2025 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fulton | 1 | 12,387 | 12,602 | -0.35% | 1,005 | 12 | City |
| Holts Summit | 2 | 4,797 | 4,496 | 1.27% | 1,295 | 4 | City |
| Wardsville | 3 | 1,649 | 1,603 | 0.55% | 475 | 3 | Village |
| Taos | 4 | 1,181 | 1,146 | 0.6% | 183 | 6 | City |
| Auxvasse | 5 | 1,019 | 1,006 | 0.3% | 1,350 | 1 | City |
| New Bloomfield | 6 | 770 | 687 | 2.26% | 486 | 2 | City |
| Tebbetts | 7 | 502 | 79 | 7.04% | 772 | 1 | CDP |
| Mokane | 8 | 187 | 184 | 0.54% | 638 | 0 | City |
| Kingdom City | 9 | 136 | 131 | 0.74% | 70 | 2 | Village |
| Buell | 10 | 30 | 30 | 7.14% | 341 | 0 | CDP |
Fulton is the largest city in Callaway County, with a population of 12,387.
Buell is the smallest city in Callaway County, with a population of 30.
There are 10 cities in Callaway County, Missouri.