22 cities
| City | Rank | 2025 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salisbury | 1 | 2,451 | 2,447 | 0.04% | 29 | 84 | Township |
| Salisbury | 2 | 1,568 | 1,565 | 0.06% | 1,172 | 1 | City |
| Brunswick | 3 | 1,256 | 1,258 | -0.08% | 18 | 70 | Township |
| Keytesville | 4 | 888 | 887 | 0% | 12 | 75 | Township |
| Brunswick | 5 | 797 | 796 | 0% | 663 | 1 | City |
| Keytesville | 6 | 445 | 445 | 0% | 579 | 1 | City |
| Musselfork | 7 | 350 | 348 | 0% | 9 | 37 | Township |
| Yellow Creek | 8 | 326 | 323 | 0.31% | 7 | 49 | Township |
| Mendon | 9 | 303 | 302 | 0% | 9 | 35 | Township |
| Bee Branch | 10 | 282 | 285 | -0.35% | 5 | 54 | Township |
| Cunningham | 11 | 192 | 186 | 1.05% | 3 | 58 | Township |
| Chariton | 12 | 191 | 190 | 0% | 4 | 52 | Township |
| Cockrell | 13 | 169 | 166 | 0.6% | 5 | 35 | Township |
| Mendon | 14 | 164 | 163 | 0% | 916 | 0 | City |
| Salt Creek | 15 | 161 | 160 | 0% | 4 | 37 | Township |
| Triplett | 16 | 159 | 159 | 0% | 4 | 45 | Township |
| Sumner | 17 | 79 | 79 | 0% | 350 | 0 | Town |
| Rothville | 18 | 65 | 65 | 0% | 330 | 0 | Village |
| Prairie Hill | 19 | 60 | 51 | 7.14% | 131 | 0 | CDP |
| Triplett | 20 | 36 | 36 | 0% | 156 | 0 | City |
| Dalton | 21 | 7 | 7 | 0% | 39 | 0 | Town |
| St. Catharine | 22 | 1 | 107 | 0% | 1 | 1 | CDP |
Salisbury is the largest city in Chariton County, with a population of 2,451.
St. Catharine is the smallest city in Chariton County, with a population of 1.
There are 22 cities in Chariton County, Missouri.