22 cities
| City | Rank | 2025 Pop. ↓ | 2020 Pop. | Annual Change | Density | Area (mi²) | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salisbury | 1 | 2,447 | 2,446 | -0.04% | 29 | 84 | Township |
| Salisbury | 2 | 1,569 | 1,567 | 0% | 1,173 | 1 | City |
| Brunswick | 3 | 1,260 | 1,261 | -0.08% | 18 | 70 | Township |
| Keytesville | 4 | 887 | 889 | -0.11% | 12 | 75 | Township |
| Brunswick | 5 | 795 | 798 | -0.13% | 661 | 1 | City |
| Keytesville | 6 | 447 | 446 | 0% | 581 | 1 | City |
| Musselfork | 7 | 351 | 349 | -0.28% | 10 | 37 | Township |
| Yellow Creek | 8 | 322 | 323 | 0% | 7 | 49 | Township |
| Mendon | 9 | 303 | 302 | 0% | 9 | 35 | Township |
| Bee Branch | 10 | 284 | 285 | 0% | 5 | 54 | Township |
| Chariton | 11 | 192 | 193 | 0% | 4 | 52 | Township |
| Cunningham | 12 | 190 | 188 | 0.53% | 3 | 58 | Township |
| Cockrell | 13 | 167 | 166 | 0% | 5 | 35 | Township |
| Mendon | 14 | 164 | 163 | 0% | 916 | 0 | City |
| Salt Creek | 15 | 160 | 159 | 0% | 4 | 37 | Township |
| Triplett | 16 | 158 | 158 | 0% | 3 | 45 | Township |
| Sumner | 17 | 81 | 80 | 0% | 358 | 0 | Town |
| Rothville | 18 | 65 | 65 | 0% | 330 | 0 | Village |
| Prairie Hill | 19 | 60 | 51 | 7.14% | 131 | 0 | CDP |
| Triplett | 20 | 36 | 36 | 0% | 156 | 0 | City |
| Dalton | 21 | 6 | 6 | 0% | 33 | 0 | Town |
| St. Catharine | 22 | 1 | 107 | 0% | 1 | 1 | CDP |
Salisbury is the largest city in Chariton County, with a population of 2,447.
St. Catharine is the smallest city in Chariton County, with a population of 1.
There are 22 cities in Chariton County, Missouri.