US States by Race 2025
Showing: All
Note: Percentages based on total Hispanic and Non-Hispanic combined.
52 states + territories
State | White | Black | Indian | Asian | Hawaiian | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 65.36% | 26.09% | 0.44% | 1.42% | 0.05% | 6.64% |
| Alaska | 60.7% | 3.1% | 13.79% | 6.42% | 1.55% | 14.43% |
| Arizona | 63.2% | 4.64% | 4.08% | 3.44% | 0.2% | 24.44% |
| Arkansas | 70.86% | 14.91% | 0.56% | 1.56% | 0.4% | 11.72% |
| California | 43.95% | 5.54% | 1.13% | 15.28% | 0.38% | 33.71% |
| Colorado | 73.46% | 4.01% | 1.01% | 3.23% | 0.15% | 18.14% |
| Connecticut | 67.57% | 10.69% | 0.27% | 4.75% | 0.05% | 16.67% |
| Delaware | 61.82% | 21.94% | 0.37% | 4.09% | 0.04% | 11.74% |
| District of Columbia | 39.07% | 43.26% | 0.3% | 4.09% | 0.06% | 13.22% |
| Florida | 59.91% | 15.34% | 0.3% | 2.86% | 0.06% | 21.53% |
| Georgia | 52.46% | 31.34% | 0.39% | 4.37% | 0.07% | 11.37% |
| Hawaii | 22.51% | 1.92% | 0.27% | 37.27% | 10.31% | 27.73% |
| Idaho | 83.35% | 0.75% | 1.14% | 1.32% | 0.16% | 13.29% |
| Illinois | 63.33% | 13.79% | 0.53% | 5.82% | 0.04% | 16.49% |
| Indiana | 78.51% | 9.26% | 0.25% | 2.54% | 0.03% | 9.41% |
| Iowa | 85.59% | 3.86% | 0.34% | 2.45% | 0.14% | 7.63% |
| Kansas | 77.92% | 5.44% | 0.75% | 2.93% | 0.09% | 12.87% |
| Kentucky | 83.68% | 7.88% | 0.17% | 1.52% | 0.08% | 6.67% |
| Louisiana | 57.97% | 31.05% | 0.6% | 1.73% | 0.06% | 8.59% |
| Maine | 91.34% | 1.68% | 0.45% | 1.11% | 0.02% | 5.39% |
| Maryland | 49.6% | 29.59% | 0.38% | 6.45% | 0.04% | 13.94% |
| Massachusetts | 70.73% | 7% | 0.23% | 7.08% | 0.04% | 14.92% |
| Michigan | 74.78% | 13.4% | 0.46% | 3.28% | 0.03% | 8.06% |
| Minnesota | 78.35% | 6.8% | 0.89% | 5.06% | 0.04% | 8.85% |
| Mississippi | 56.31% | 36.96% | 0.45% | 0.98% | 0.05% | 5.26% |
| Missouri | 78.33% | 11.13% | 0.27% | 2.07% | 0.16% | 8.03% |
| Montana | 85.68% | 0.54% | 5.71% | 0.83% | 0.04% | 7.19% |
| Nebraska | 79.88% | 4.76% | 1% | 2.5% | 0.05% | 11.82% |
| Nevada | 53.18% | 9.42% | 1.32% | 8.72% | 0.72% | 26.64% |
| New Hampshire | 88.93% | 1.52% | 0.14% | 2.58% | 0.02% | 6.81% |
| New Jersey | 56.93% | 12.96% | 0.45% | 9.91% | 0.03% | 19.71% |
| New Mexico | 53.62% | 2.11% | 9.52% | 1.71% | 0.1% | 32.95% |
| New York | 57.07% | 14.73% | 0.52% | 8.9% | 0.05% | 18.73% |
| North Carolina | 63.26% | 20.58% | 1.05% | 3.15% | 0.06% | 11.9% |
| North Dakota | 83.89% | 3.23% | 4.48% | 1.56% | 0.14% | 6.69% |
| Ohio | 77.82% | 12.28% | 0.15% | 2.45% | 0.04% | 7.27% |
| Oklahoma | 66.79% | 7.07% | 7.39% | 2.34% | 0.19% | 16.21% |
| Oregon | 76.62% | 1.93% | 1.09% | 4.45% | 0.4% | 15.51% |
| Pennsylvania | 75.8% | 10.73% | 0.18% | 3.7% | 0.04% | 9.55% |
| Puerto Rico | 35.22% | 7.3% | 0.17% | 0.19% | 0.01% | 57.11% |
| Rhode Island | 72.34% | 5.83% | 0.44% | 3.48% | 0.06% | 17.85% |
| South Carolina | 64.06% | 25.3% | 0.32% | 1.72% | 0.07% | 8.53% |
| South Dakota | 81.52% | 2.24% | 7.73% | 1.4% | 0.07% | 7.04% |
| Tennessee | 73.48% | 15.87% | 0.25% | 1.85% | 0.07% | 8.48% |
| Texas | 53.93% | 12.23% | 0.64% | 5.34% | 0.1% | 27.76% |
| Utah | 80.7% | 1.13% | 1.02% | 2.37% | 0.95% | 13.84% |
| Vermont | 91.41% | 1.22% | 0.2% | 1.66% | 0.02% | 5.49% |
| Virginia | 61.73% | 18.75% | 0.31% | 6.86% | 0.07% | 12.29% |
| Washington | 67.84% | 3.96% | 1.17% | 9.4% | 0.7% | 16.94% |
| West Virginia | 90.9% | 3.28% | 0.09% | 0.75% | 0.03% | 4.96% |
| Wisconsin | 81.32% | 6.14% | 0.74% | 2.88% | 0.04% | 8.88% |
| Wyoming | 85.96% | 0.86% | 2.06% | 0.83% | 0.09% | 10.21% |
The state of California is the most populous in the United States, with 38,654,206 residents. Although individuals identifying as white make up the majority of the population at 23,680,584, California is also the most racially diverse state, with 5,133,600 people identifying as coming from a background other than white, black, Native American, Asian or Islander, while 1,787,159 consider themselves to be multiracial.
Texas, another highly populous state with 26,956,435 residents, has the largest population identifying as black (3,221,133), as well as a sizable population identifying as ‘other’ (1,561,683). Texas also has a substantial Asian population of 1,175,423, but a small Islander population of 22,248. The District of Columbia is the only state where the black population (318,598) is larger than the white population (266,035), while the state of Montana has the lowest black population in the country at 4,260 (although Montana has an overall population of 1,023,391, making it one of the least populous states).
The southwestern state of Arizona has the highest Native American population in the country, with 296,732 residents identifying themselves as Native American (higher than any other race in the state apart from white). This is followed by Oklahoma (286,231), California (285,512), New Mexico (193,295) and Texas (128,145). Just 1,984 residents of Vermont identify as Native American, the lowest in the country. Vermont also has the lowest rates of those identifying as ‘other’ or of multiple races – 2,309 and 12,169, respectively.
Most Prevalent Race or Ethnicity Group
Race vs Ethnicity Race and ethnicity are related but distinct concepts. Race is a socially constructed classification based on physical traits such as skin color, facial features, and hair type. It is often used as a broad categorization with historical and social significance. Ethnicity, on the other hand, refers to cultural identity, including shared language, traditions, ancestry, and national or regional origins. While race is typically externally assigned, ethnicity is more self-defined and can encompass multiple cultural affiliations.
Most Prevalent Race
White
Black
Indian
Asian
Hispanic
Notable States
California: Highest Total Population
The state of California is the most populous in the United States, with 39,242,800 residents. Although individuals identifying as white make up the majority of the population at 17,248,750, California is also one of the most racially diverse states, with a combined 21,994,050 identifying as having come from a Black, Native American, Asian, Islander, other, or multiracial background.
Maryland: Most Diverse
While Maryland is one of the smaller states, it has the highest diversity index in the United States. With a total population of 6,170,740 approximately 3,110,005 people identify as non-white, including Black, Native American, Asian, Islander, other, or multiracial. This gives Maryland a diversity index of 0.62.
Texas: Largest Black Population
Texas, another highly populous state with 29,640,300 residents, has the largest population identifying as Black (3,626,134), as well as a sizable population identifying as 'other' (13,912,931). Texas also has a substantial Asian population of 1,581,798, but a small Islander population of 29,841.
Wyoming: Lowest Black Population
The state of Wyoming has the lowest Black population in the country at 4,982. Wyoming has an overall population of 579,761, making it one of the least populous states.
California: Largest Native American Population
The southwestern state of California has the highest Native American population in the United States, with 445,219 residents identifying themselves as Native American.
Multiracial Identities
The number of people identifying as multiracial in the U.S. has surged, growing from 6.8 million in 2000 to 33.8 million in 2020. This rise is driven by increasing interracial relationships, shifting cultural perceptions, and a greater willingness to embrace mixed heritage. The trend is especially strong among younger generations and in divers states like California and Texas, reflecting the country's evolving racial landscape and challenging traditional categorizations.
The Rise of Multiracial Identity in the US
Limitations of Race Data: What to Consider When Interpreting Demographics
Variance in how race is defined
Race is not a biologically fixed category but a social construct shaped by history, politics, and cultural perceptions. What constitutes a “racial group” varies across time, place, and society. This helps explain why racial categories change in the U.S. Census over time and why different countries classify race differently. For example, the U.S. categorizes “Hispanic” as an ethnicity, not a race, while many Latin American countries have different racial classification systems.
Broad categorization
Demographic surveys and census data often simplify complex identities into broad racial groups (e.g., “Asian” combines people from India, China, the Philippines, and more). These broad categories can obscure important cultural, socioeconomic, and historical differences. This can lead to misleading conclusions about race-based disparities, since aggregated statistics often mask within-group variation.
Reliance on self-identification
Many racial demographic datasets rely on self-identification, meaning individuals may categorize themselves differently based on personal, cultural, or historical reasons. This can introduce inconsistencies—for example, someone who identifies as “Latino” might also identify as “White,” “Black,” or “Indigenous” depending on how questions are asked.